Comparative Analysis of Gender Gap in Smart Farming: Analyzing Women’s Role in the Development of Sustainable Agricultural Practices in Southeast Asia

Abstract

This study analyzes the gender gap in the adoption of smart farming technologies in Southeast Asia, focusing on the roles of women in the development of sustainable agricultural practices. Despite their significant contributions to food security, women in the agricultural sector continue to face barriers such as limited access to land, technology, and decision-making positions. This research utilizes a qualitative approach by conducting a study report based on official documents, news articles, and international legal frameworks, including reports from organizations such as the FAO, ASEAN, and CEDAW. By reviewing relevant literature and policy reports from ASEAN countries, the study investigates how gender dynamics shape women's participation in smart farming, and the obstacles they encounter in accessing advanced agricultural technologies. The findings indicate that (1) women are disproportionately excluded from access to smart farming technologies due to socio-cultural and economic barriers, (2) gender-sensitive policies in agriculture are insufficient in ASEAN countries, and (3) international legal frameworks, such as CEDAW, have not been effectively implemented at the national level to ensure equal access for women in the agricultural sector. The study concludes that while smart farming offers significant potential for sustainable agriculture, the gender gap in access to these technologies remains a major challenge. Recommendations include strengthening the implementation of gender-focused policies, improving women’s access to agricultural technologies, and integrating gender-specific training and capacity-building programs into national agricultural strategies.